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Constantine IX

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Constantine IX Monomachos, Gold Histamenon Nomisma, obverseOBV
Constantine IX Monomachos, Gold Histamenon Nomisma, reverseREV
Byzantine
Constantine IXGold nomisma1042–1055

Constantine IX Monomachos, Gold Histamenon Nomisma

An in-depth numismatic analysis of the gold histamenon nomisma of Byzantine Emperor Constantine IX Monomachos (r. 1042–1055), focusing on Class III issues, iconography of Christ Pantokrator, imperial regalia, epigraphy, and eleventh-century monetary debasement.